In commemoration of the sixtieth anniversary of the restitution of the national sovereignty, the National Archives organized on March 3, 2023 an exhibition entitled: Algeria between Past and Present… exploitation & depletion… effort & development. This exhibition aimed to raise awareness of the history of agriculture in Algeria, starting with the Ottoman period where property deeds were documented in the form of Waqf or Habous, followed by the colonial era, which experienced an exhaustion of Algeria’s agricultural wealth, then comes the nationalization of usurped lands and the improvement of the situation of Algerian farmers immediately after the Algerian sovereignty was restored, then the Algerian cooperation with foreign countries for innovation and development in the field of agriculture, leading finally to the tireless efforts made by Algeria to make the agricultural sector the basis of the new economy.